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2021考研英语：如何复习新题型?
一、新题型的考察方式
虽然被称为“新题型”，但这个家伙其实一点也不新，它早在2005年就已经出现在了考研试卷上，属于阅读理解的B部分，主要有三种考察方式：
7选5填空：是一种特殊的完型填空，把一篇文章的5个地方挖空，要求根据文章内容从给出的7段文字中选出正确的填到空白处，使语义对应，上下流畅。
5选5排序：将一篇文章原有顺序打乱，分为7-8个部分，要求考生根据文章内容将所列段落重新排序，其中有2-3段的位置已经给出，填剩下5个。
6选5标题：一篇文章给出6-7个概括句或小标题，这些文字或标题分别对应文中某一部分，要求考生从中选出5个标题填入文章空白处。
以上三种考察形式，每次只考一种，根据历年情况来看，7选5考的次数最多。每种形式都设5个小题，每题2分，共计10分。
二、考察重点及应对技巧
不同的新题型，虽然考察方式不同，但考察重点却是一致的，即文章的主旨、结构和逻辑关系。总体来说，新题型考察的是对文章的整体把握，而非细节。因此，学会分析文章结构、理顺句子之间的逻辑关系非常重要。一般来说，英语阅读理解中常见的逻辑关系有并列递进、转折、因果、解释、例证、定义等，平时在阅读中注意积累，有利于快速识破文章结构。此外，还可以利用一些小技巧来帮助判断，比如7选5和5选5着重考察文章结构和逻辑关系，不妨重点关注文中反复出现的一些名词、代词、关联词，它们往往是破解文章结构的“秘钥”;而6选5考察总结概括能力，标题中的关键词往往与对应文段中的关键词重合度高，或者是相关同义词、近义词等。
2021考研英语：新题型翻译积累
Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching , while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, an early homind site in Tanzanniz , was found bya butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztec artifacfs came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s .Most archaeologicalsites , however , are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them . Such searches can take years.
●闪光词汇积累
经过仔细搜索: by means of careful searching
偶然: by accident
恰好掉入深谷:literally fall into the deep vallay
重见光明:come to light
开始做某事:set out to do someing
●翻译对对碰
Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching , while many others have been discovered by accident.
（翻译）大多数考古遗址都经过仔细搜索才发现，而其他的则是偶然被发现的。
British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhmun existed from information found in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kingfor seven years before he located the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Eyans combed antique dealers’s stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching for tinyengraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evan’s interpretations of those engravings eventually led them to find the Minoanpalace at Knossos on the island of Crete , in 1900.
●闪光词汇积累
仔细搜索废墟：sift through rubble
仔细寻找古董商店：comb antique dealers’stores
X属于Y：X attribute to Y
小印章：tiny engraved seals
统治希腊：dominate Greece
●翻译对对碰
He was searching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture
（翻译）他在寻找属于公元前15到13世纪在希腊占统治地位的古代Mycenaean文化的小印章。
●闪光词汇积累
很大程度上依赖于X：rely heavily on X
各种高科技工具和技术：a variety of high-technology tools and techniques
让某人做某事：allow someone to do something
确定关注区域：locate areas of interest
准确找到X：pinpoint X
小陶瓷碎片：small fragments of pottery
●翻译对对碰
To find their sites , archaelologistes tody rely heavily on systematic survey mechods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques.
（翻译）为了发现这些遗址，考古学家在很多程度上依赖于系统的调查方法和各种高科技的工具与技术。
The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia.According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000. Yet this enormous resource is not contributingenough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security ,sustainable development, and health .These issues all have root causes in human behavior :all require behavioral changeand social innovations , as well as technological development.
●闪光词汇积累
X正蓬勃发展：X be flourishing
以约11%的速度增长: have swollen by about 11%
对X做出足够贡献：contribute enough to X
X的根本原因在于Y：X have root causes in Y
要求社会革新和技术发展：require social innovations , as well as technological development
●翻译对对碰
Yet this enormous resource is not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security ,sustainable development, and health .
（翻译）但是，如此巨大的的资源并没有为应对当今诸多全球性挑战，包括气候变化、安全问题、可持续发展及健康问题，做出足够贡献。
2021考研英语：新题型重点单词详解 下
1. 1 terrain [’terein]
n.地形
（词根记忆）： terr土地+ ain名词后缀&rarr地形,地域。
（短语精选）： whole terrain of home economics 家政学的整个领域。
（例句）： Typically, they survey and sample make test excavations on large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information.基本上他们过对大面积的地域进行调查和采集样本试探性挖掘来确定在哪里挖掘能得到有用信息。2014 新题型
2. 10 dramatically [dr?’m?t?kli]
adv. 戏剧性地 引人注目地
（词根记忆）： drama戏剧+ tic符合形容词后缀+ ally复合副词后缀&rarr戏剧化地&rarr引人注目地。
（短语精选）： a dramatic speech 激动人心的演说。
（例句）： The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers ofbigger, longer frames. 在几年的时间里这些进行专业运动的身体有了显著的变化，经理人很乐意调整队服来适应这些不断增长的体型。2008 text 3
3. 1 beneath [b?’ni?&theta]
adv. 在...之下
（词根记忆）： be使成为+ neath在下面&rarr使成为下面的&rarr在下面。
（短语精选）： the heaven above and the earth beneath. 天上和地下。
（例句）： Airborne technologies, such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the groundwithout digging.例如不同类型的雷达和照相设备装置在飞机或飞行器上所实现的航拍技术，使得考古学家能够不进行挖掘就了解地表之下掩盖着什么。2014 新题型
4. 57 discover [dis’k?v?]
v. 发现 找到 发觉
（词根记忆）： dis否定+ cover盖&rarr揭开盖子&rarr发现，揭露。
（短语精选）： discover oneself 显露自己的身份，通名，自我介绍。
（例句）： But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research–as will bedemonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson.但是诺贝尔奖的获得者仅局限于三个共同持有者，而且他们都必须在世。这些要求与现代研究合作的性质相比已经过时了，这点在希格斯玻色子的研究上面体现的最为明显，排名靠后的只有孙山之命。2014 text 3
5. 2 antique [?n’ti:k]
n.古物, 古董 adj.古时的, 过时的
（词根记忆）： antiq古老+ ue结尾组合，不发音，无意义&rarr古老的&rarr古董。
（短语精选）： an antique dealer 古董商。
（例句）： In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans combed antique dealers’ stores in Athens, Greece. 在19世纪末，英国考古学家Arthur Evans爵士细细地搜寻了希腊首都雅典的古董商铺。2014 新题型
6. 2 engrave [in’greiv]
v. 刻上, 铭记, 雕刻
（词根记忆）： en使进入某种状态+ grave雕刻&rarr刻上&rarr铭记。
（短语精选）： engraved on sb.’s memory 给人留下深刻印象。
（例句）： He was searching for ting engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200sBC.他寻找的是代表迈锡尼文化的雕刻印章––公元前1400-1200年之间，迈锡尼文化在古希腊占主导地位。2014 新题型
7. 6 attribute [?’tribju:t]
n. 属性 标志, 象征 特质, 特性 定语 v. 归于, 属于
（词根记忆）： at加强+ tribut交付，赠与&rarr把原因给出&rarr归因。
（短语精选）： be attributed to 被认为是…所为
（例句）： Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures.一些人把非常重要的文化成就归功于很少的，尤其是有天分的民族，根据传播论者的看法，这些发明后来带到了其他民族中。2009 新题型
8. 11 dominate [’d?mineit]
v.支配, 占优势
（词根记忆）： dom家，房屋+ in连接作用，无意义+ ate使动后缀&rarr像家长一样&rarr统治。
（短语精选）： dominate one’s passions 抑制欲望。
（例句）： Third, they now dominate left-of-centre politics. 第三，他们现在在左倾政治中占主导地位。2012 text 4
9. 11 detect [di’tekt]
vt.察觉, 发觉, 侦查, 探测v.发现
（词根记忆）： de否定+ tect遮蔽&rarr把盖上的打开&rarr察觉, 发觉。
（短语精选）： be detected in doing …做坏事等被发觉。
（例句）： He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors inreasoning and in his own observations. 他认为或许正因为语言表达上的这种困难，他不得不对自己要说的每句话都经过长时间的认真思考，从而能发现自己在推理和观察中的错误，结果这反而成为他的优点。2008 翻译
10. 2 fragment [’fr?gm?nt]
n. 碎片, 断片, 破片v. 使成碎片 成碎片
（词根记忆）： frag打碎+ ment名词后缀&rarr碎片&rarr使成碎片。
（短语精选）： lie in fragments 已成破片。
（例句）： Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery. 大多数的地面考察工作包括长时间的行走并搜寻例如陶器碎片这样的线索。2014 新题型
