英语非限制性定语从句的知识框架，英语定语从句非限定性定语从句

定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句。构成：定语从句必须包含先行词和关系词

两个部分。先行词由一个名词或代词担当；关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as;

关系副词：where,when,why.

1.关系代词who指代人，在定语从句中作主语。

The man who is standing there is Mr. Smith.

Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

2.关系代词whom指代人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。

Do you know the man(whom) she is talking with?

The teacher (whom) you are looking for is coming.

3.关系代词whose表示某人的、某物的，在定语从句中作定语。

I like that singer whose voice is sweet.

I live in a room whose windows face the south.

4.关系代词which表示物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。

I bought a pen which was cheap.

The car(which) he's driving is very expensive.

5.关系代词that指代人和物，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语，特别是在修饰anythi something,all等不

定代词时，一般只用that而不用which。

Who is that girl that you were talking to?

This is all(that)I want to say today.

6.关系代词as先行词被such或the same所修饰时，关系代词用as。

I live in the same city as Mr. Green.

Such subjects as English and maths are useful.

7.关系副词where表示地点，在定语从句中作状语。

This is the city where I was born.

8.关系副词when表示时间，在定语从句中作状语，有时可省略。

Do you still remember the day (when) you first came to China?

October 5 is the date when I was born.

9.关系副词why表示原因，通常和the reason连用，在定语从句中作状语.

Tell me the reason why he didn't come.

It's the reason why we have day and night.

注意：介词后用whom指代人，不能用who。介词后用which指代物，不能用that。但在某些介词和动词

的固定搭配中，我们习惯于把介词放在从句的末尾。这时关系代词可以使用that或省略。

例如：She likes the pen with which he wrote.

=She likes the pen(that)he wrote with.

Mr. David with whom I often go to the town is my best friend.

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

1.限制性定语从句：修饰的词表示一个、一些或一类特定的人或东西，中心词和定语从句关系比较紧

密，如果去掉定语从句句子就会失去意义而不能成立或意思不清楚。在译成汉语时，这种从句也会译成

汉语的从句。

Those who want to see the film please put up your hands

There is nothing (that) you can do now.

2.非限制性定语从句：既可以修饰名词或代词，也可以修饰整个句子或句子的一部分。但只是对所修饰

的词作进一步的说明，把从句去掉后剩下部分仍然成立。非限制性定语从句可以

由which,who,whom,whose,where,when等引导（why不可以引导非限制性定语从句）,通常和句子的

其它部分用逗号隔开。在译成汉语时，从句一般译成一个并列句。

She got the first place in the English speech contest, which made her mother very happy.

He has invited many guests to his party, three ofwhom are teachers.

My mother, who loves me very much, is very strict with me.

习题模拟训练

1. Beethoven was one of the first professional composer wrote music not for money''sake.

A.who B.whom C.which D.that

2.He was born in Bonn, in the Rhineland, thousands of visitors from all over the world visit every year.

A.which B.that C.when D.where

3. Beethoven's father was a hard task-master to his son talents he developed fully.

A.who B.whose C.whom D.that

4. Beethoven began giving public concerts at 8, astonished many people there.

A.who B.that C.which D.when

5. His father died in 1792, Beethoven took his two younger brothers to Vienna, he was gradually establishing himself as a composer.

A.when\which B.when\where C.which\which D.which\where

6.____is known to the world,Beethoven was a classical composer.

A.That B.Which C.As D.It

7.He wrote such wonderful symphonies(交响乐）______Heroic, Fate and Pastoral(田园交响曲）.

A.whose B.which C.as D.that

8. The 7th Symphony in A was the happiest one was composed at a comparative cheerful period in Beethoven's life.

A.which B.that C.as D.it

9. No composer has put more of himself into his music. That's the reason_____you can find everything Beethoven left in his music.

A.that B.which C.why D.as

10. Beethoven's works remain the loftiest and most personal compositions we can learn the music vision of one of the world's greatest musical thinkers.

A.in that B.from which C.by whom D. of whom

参考答案1-10 AABCB CCBCB