高考题型全归纳2023版，高考真题考点系列归纳

名词是中学英语的主要词汇之一，也是历年高考的重要考点。近年的高考题名词部分主要考查名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配、名词的数（可数与不可数、单数与复数）、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。在高考试题中，名词常结合其他项目一起考查，考查题型以短文改错、完形填空、语法填空为主。

真题归纳：

1.【2019·新课标II卷·短文改错】Since I was a kid, I've considered different job I would like to do.

【答案】job改为jobs

【解析】考查名词的数。“job（工作；职业）”为可数名词，用different（不同的）修饰时意思为不同种类的工作，应该用名词的复数形式。故将job改为jobs。

2.（2018·全国新课标卷I·语法填空）Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 that / which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).

【答案】67. causes

【解析】考查单复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。根据句意用复数形式。故填causes。

3.（2018·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）Last winter when I went here（改为there） again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.

【答案】chicken改为chickens

【解析】考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dozens of可知，其后用名词复数形式。

4.（2016·全国新课标卷I·语法填空）Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract)... The nursery team switches him every few 69 (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, the other is with mum — she never suspects.

【答案】61. attraction 考查名词。 形容词top后面跟名词。

69. days 考查名词复数。few修饰复数名词。

5. （2018·全国新课标卷II·短文改错）When I was little, Friday's night was our family game night.

【答案】Friday's改为Friday。【解析】考查名词的格。名词作定语，往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等。名词所有格作定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。此处表示“星期五晚上”，并不是所有关系，故把Friday’s改为Friday。

6. （2018·天津卷·单项填空）The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.

A. advice B. order

C. possibility D. invitation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性；D. invitation邀请。故选C。

7.（2017年新课标I卷完形填空）Before the school year 47 (ended) ,I gave the kids a special 48 , T-shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your 49 ” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs（动词）may seem dull ,most of the 50 (fun) things they do.

48. A. lesson B. gift

C. report D. message；

49. A. Friends B. Awards

C. Masters D. Tasks

48.【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析，A.lesson课，教训， B.gift礼物， C.report 报告，D.message信息，根据后文可知作者送给Freddy一件衬衫，即一个特殊的礼物，故选B。

49.【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A.Friends 朋友，B.Awards奖， C.Masters 主人，D.Tasks任务。衬衫上写着“动词是你的朋友”，故选A。

8. （2017年北京卷完形填空）… In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51 .For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world….

51. A. praises B. invitations

C. replies D. appointments

52. A. needs B. interests

C. dreams D. efforts

51.【答案】

A 【解析】考查名词。A. praises赞美B. invitations邀请C. replies回复D. appointments约会。她收到了很多的赞美。因为下文有这方面的举例，给她颁奖，故答案为A。

52. 【答案】D

【解析】考查名词。A. needs需要B. interests兴趣C. dreams梦想D. efforts努力。此处是指这个奖项是为了认可年轻人改变这个世界所作出的努力，根据句意可知选D。

如果书面表达你感到犯难，私我，两个小时包会。

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如果做完题目后有什么问题，我可以答疑。