八年级上册英语教材归纳：八年级上册英语教材精华知识点

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Unit 1Where did you go on vacation?

Section A 知识详解

1. something interesting有趣的东西

1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。

somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。

somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。

2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时，放于其后；something special; somewhere wonderful.

3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：

Is everybody here? 大家都到齐了吗？

4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如：

Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）

2. We took quite a few photos there. 我们在那儿拍了许多照片。

【解读】quite a few 相当多；不少，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定意义。

I have quite a few friends here. 我在这儿有相当多的朋友。

There are quite a few books on the shelf. 书架上有不少书。

【辨析】 quite a few，quite a little，few，little

(1) quite a few同上。

(2) quite a little 相当多；不少，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义。

There's quite a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有很多水。

(3) few 几乎没有，表示否定意义，修饰可数名词复数。

Few people know him in the city. 在这个城市很少有人认识他。

(4) little 几乎没有，表示否定意义，修饰不可数名词。

There's little time left. 几乎没有时间了。

3. nothing...but...意为“除......之外； 只有”，如：

I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看电视什么也没干。

4．Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没人看上去无聊。

【解读】seem v. 好像；似乎；看来

(1)seem＋adj./n.似乎是……

Lucy seems quite happy. 露西似乎很高兴。 It seems a good idea. 似乎是一个好主意。

(2)seem＋to do sth.好像……

Group 2 seemed to win the match. 二组好像赢了比赛。

(3) It seems that...好像……，可以与seem to do sth.互相转换。

His temperature seems to be all right.＝It seems that his temperature is all right.他的体温好像很正常。

【解读】bored adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 通常用来形容人。

I feel bored to read this kind of book 我读这种书感到无聊。

【拓展】

boring 也是形容词，意为“无聊的；令人厌烦的”，通常用来形容物。

This kind of book is so boring. 这类书如此无聊。

Section B 知识详解

1. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.

天气晴朗炎热，所以我们决定到我们旅馆附近的海滩去。

【解读】本句是由so连接的并列句。

【解读】decide v. 决定；选定，后跟动词不定式或从句作宾语。

He decided that he would start out at 6:00 that morning. 他决定那天早晨六点出发。

【拓展】 decide on选定；决定，后常跟名词、代词、动词­ing形式作宾语。

She decided on the city. 她选定了那座城市。

decision 决定，decide的名词形式，可构成make a decision决定；下决心，相当于decide。

She decided/made a decision to get good grades. 她决定取得好成绩。

2．My sister and I tried paragliding. 我和姐姐尝试着做滑翔伞运动。

【解读】try v．& n. 尝试；设法；努力

try to do sth.尽量/努力做某事

I try to finish the work on time. 我尽量按时完成这份工作。

try doing sth.试着做某事

My classmate Liu tried cooking fish yesterday. 我的同学刘昨天试着做鱼了。

try n．尝试 May I have a try? 我可以试试吗？

3．I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉像是一只鸟。

【解读】本句是复合句，I was a bird是省略了that引导的宾语从句。

【解读】feel like 给……的感觉；感受到，后可接名词、代词或从句。

We feel like robots. 我们感觉像是机器人。

【拓展】feel like doing sth.＝want/would like to do sth. 希望做某事；想做某事

I feel like going to bed.＝I want to go to bed.＝I would like to go to bed.我想上床睡觉。

4．I wonder what life was like here in the past.

我很想知道过去这儿的生活是什么样的。

【解读】本句是复合句，what life was like here in the past作了I wonder的宾语。

【解读】wonder v. 想知道；琢磨

wonder后接wh­或how从句时，表示“想知道”，相当于want to know。

I wonder who the boy is. 我想知道这个男孩是谁。

5. What a difference a day makes！一天的差别有多大！

【解读】本句是感叹句，由what引导。

【解读】difference n．差别；差异

常构成短语：make a difference 有影响；起作用

the difference(s) between...and...，意为“……和……两者间的不同点”。

Eating a lot of vegetables can make a difference. 吃大量蔬菜会有帮助的。

6．We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.

因为人太多，所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。

【解读】本句是复合句。because引导的是原因状语从句。

【解读】wait v. & n．等待；等候

(1) 作动词时，用法如下：

wait to do sth.等着去做某事

They are waiting to have dinner. 他们正等着吃晚饭。

wait后接表示所等的人、物时，应与介词for连用。

They are waiting for a bus. 他们正在等公共汽车。

wait for sb./sth. to do sth.等某人(物)进行某种动作

We are waiting for Jim to come. 我们正等着吉姆的到来。

can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事

Children can't wait to open the presents. 孩子们迫不及待地打开礼物。

7.And because of the bad weather，we couldn't see anything below.

因为这糟糕的天气，我们看不到下面的任何景色。

【解读】because of 因为，后接名词、代词、名词性短语。

Because of his illness，he can't go to school today

.因为他的疾病，今天他不能去上学。

【辨析】because of和because

because of表示原因，后接名词、代词、名词性短语。

because表示原因，其后跟从句。

We didn't get there because of the heavy rain.＝We didn't get there because it rained heavily. 由于大雨，我们没有及时到达。

【解读】below prep.& adv. 在……下面；到……下面

As they were climbing the hills, they saw a boy below.

当他们正往山上爬时，看见下面有一个男孩。

【辨析】below和 under

below 指位置低于某物或在某物的下方，但不一定在某物的正下方，反义词是above。

Write your name below the line. 在线下面写下你的名字。

under 指在正下方，反义词是over。What's under the bridge？桥底下是什么？

8.My father didn't bring enough money，so we only had one bowl of fish and rice.我爸爸没有带足够的钱，所以我们只吃了一碗鱼肉米饭。

【解读】enough 足够的（名前形后）

如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。

She is not old enough to go to school. 她年龄不够，不能去上学。

9．Did you dislike anything？你不喜欢什么东西吗？

【解读】dislike v．不喜爱；厌恶，其反义词是like。

后面可跟名词、动词­ing形式、动词不定式作宾语。

dislike doing sth. 表示通常不喜欢做某事。

dislike to do sth. 表示不喜欢做某件具体的事或一次性的活动。

Unit 2How often do you exercise?

Section A 知识详解

1．How often do you exercise？你多久锻炼一次？

【解读】本句是含有特殊疑问词how often 的特殊疑问句。

【解读】how often 多久一次，用于对动作发生的频率进行提问。回答应该是频度副词或表示频率的词组，如always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly，ever，never，every day，once a week，three times a day.

—How often do you go to the movies? 你多久去看一次电影？

—Once a week. 一周一次。

2. What do you usually do on weekends？周末你通常干什么？

【解读】本句是主语为第二人称的一般现在时的特殊疑问句，询问在现在一段时间内经常或习惯做的事情。其结构为：What do you＋动词原形＋其他？

若主语为第三人称单数时，特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词(组)＋does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？

What do you often do on Mondays? 星期一你通常干什么？

I often play soccer with my friends. 我通常和朋友一起踢足球。

【解读】usually adv.通常，表频率。一般情况下，多用于一般现在时态中。

I usually do my homework after supper. 我通常在晚饭后做作业。

【注意】表频率的副词一般放在行为动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。

【拓展】usual adj. 通常的，平常的

He always does that in the usual way. 他总是用惯常的方式做那件事情。

3．twice a week一周两次

【解读】twice adv. 两次

We have Chinese twice a day on Friday. 周五我们一天上两节语文课。

当提问twice时，可以用疑问词how many times(多少次)，但不能用how often 提问。how often 可提问twice a week.

How many times have you watched the program? 这节目你看了多少次？

How often do you watch the program? 你多久看一次这个节目？

【注意】英语中，once表示“一次”，twice表示“两次”，从“三次”起用“基数词＋times”表示次数。three times三次，five times五次。

4.Hmm...next week is quite full for me, Jack. 呣……下周我很忙，杰克。

【解读】full adj. 忙的；满的；充满的

常用短语为be full of...，意为“充满……”；反义词是empty，意为“空的”。

The bus is full of people. 公共汽车里挤满了人。

【拓展】full adj. 吃饱的；过饱的，其反义词是hungry，意为“饥饿的”。

Are you hungry or full？你饿了还是饱了？

5．I go to the movies maybe once a month.我可能一月去看电影一次。

【解读】maybe adv. 大概；或许；可能

Maybe that man is a policeman. 或许那人是警察。

【辨析】

maybe 和may be

6．He plays at least twice a week.他至少一周踢(足球) 两次。

【解读】least adv.最小；最少adj.& pron.最少的；最小的，它是little的最高级。at least 至少；不少于；起码，其反义短语为：at most 至多

At least he should say thanks. 他至少应该说声谢谢。

Section B重点知识讲解

1．She says it's good for my health. 她说它对我的健康有益。

【解读】本句是一个含有省略that的宾语从句的复合句。She says 是主句，其后省略了that，it's good for my health作says的宾语。

【解读】be good for 对……有益 Exercise is good for you. 锻炼对你有益。

【拓展】be good at 在……方面做得好；擅长……

be good with 与……相处融洽 be good to 对……友好

2．Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the most popular.

尽管许多学生喜欢观看体育节目，但是游戏节目仍然是最受他们欢迎的。

【解读】本句是复合句，although many students like to watch sports是让步状语从句。

【解读】although conj. 虽然；尽管；即使

相当于though，引导让步状语从句。

在英语中，although(though)和but不能连用在同一个句中，即二者只能取其一。

Although he is tired，he didn't stop to have a rest.＝He is tired，but he didn't stop to have a rest. 尽管他累了，但他没有停下来去休息。

3.It's good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows，but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.

尽管通过上网或观看游戏节目对放松很有好处，但是我们认为锻炼是最好的放松方式。

【解读】本句是由but连接的并列复合句。前一个分句中，it是形式主语，真正主语是动词不定式 to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows；后一个分句中，we think后接的是一个宾语从句，省略了that。

【解读】through prep. 以；凭借；穿过

He became rich through hard work and ability. 他凭借辛苦的工作和能力变得富有。

The sunlight was coming in through the window. 阳光穿过窗户照进来。

【辨析】through，across，over

through意为“穿过”，指从物体的里面穿过。

across意为“穿过”，指从物体的表面通过。

over意为“越过；跨过”，指越过一个有高度的物体。

They walked through the park after supper. 晚饭后他们穿过了公园。

I swam across the river and felt very tired. 我游过了河，感到很累。

Can you jump over the fence? 你能跳过篱笆吗？

4.Exercise such as playing sports is fun，and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. 像参加体育运动这样的锻炼是有趣的，并且你可以与你的朋友和家人一起花费时间进行锻炼。

such as 例如；像……这样 表示举例，相当于like。

5．And remember，“old habits die hard”．请记住：“旧习惯是很难摈弃的”。

【解读】die v. 消失；消灭；死亡

(1) 作“死亡”讲，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，强调动作，是瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。

His grandfather died five years ago. 他祖父五年前去世的。

(2) die可以用于进行时态，表示“即将死去，奄奄一息”。

He is dying. 他快要死了。

6. However, she has some bad habits, too. 然而，她也有一些坏习惯。

【解读】however adv. 然而；不过

He said that it was so; he was wrong, however. 他说事情是这样的，但是他错了。

【辨析】 however和but

二者都有“然而；但是”之意，具体用法不同。however 副词，可以放在句首、句中或句末，置于句中时，前后通常用逗号隔开。

He wanted to go to the shopping mall, however, he didn't go at last.

他想去购物中心，但最后还是没去。

but并列连词，常常在句中，引导一个表示转折关系的并列句。

Mike is young, but he can do it well. 迈克虽然年龄小，但是他能做好那件事。

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